Machine for baking pastry



J` vT. TURNER MACHINE FORv BAKING PASTRY June A5, .1928.1`

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v J. T. TURN-ER MACHINE FOR BAKING PASTRY Filed June 4,y 1925 4 sheets-sheet 4 @L ne@ v v Tren-5 9 Patented June 5, 1928. l v

UNITED STATES 'JAMES T. TURNER, OF ATLANTA,` GEORGIA.

` MACHINE Fon BAKING PASTRY.

v Application led June 4,

This invention relates to a machine for making ice cream cones and partlcularly a machine of the general type shown 1n my prior Patents Nos. 1,393,587 kand `1,573,588 wherein there arek a series of cooperating moulds in an endless conveyor which is4 caused to be moved continuously beneath a. source of supply for the batter and through a suitable heated region to a. discharge point, after which the moulds return for reloading. The machine provides female moulds separable through a rowof cavities and hinged together successively to make an endless conveyor, while the male moulds are pivotally mounted on the vsuccessive links and comprise bars which may carry cones to coact with the correspondingly shaped cavities of the female moulds.v Y

One of the objects ofthe present invention is to provide a simple and readily [adjustable breather arrangement -for ythe moulds, by which I mean mechanism to allow the periodic separation ofthe 4male and female moulds lsuilicientlyffor the es-` cape of steam from the heated batter.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for automatically maintaining j provision of a simple means forl cutting' through the flange of batter between the successive sets of moulds, sothat as the mould members separate in swinging around .the course, following the baking,`there will be Y no tendency to tear the formed cones.

My invention is hereinafter more fully described in connection with a detailed descrip'-` tion of the drawings, which illustrate a pre-I sfferred embodiment of the invention. The

- The lbars 31 are loosely 1926. serial No. 113,594.

ksectionon a largerscale as indicated. by the line 2-,2 on Fig. 1; Fig.'3 is a longitudinal vvertical section through the guiding mem- -bers yfor the male mould member, as mdrcated by ythe line 3-3 on Fig. 2; Fig. 'is a horizontal section substantially on the line 4 4 on Fig.- 1, showing the automatic take ,e up mechanism for the chain of moulds; Fig.

5 is a side elevation of the take up mecha- .nism in a plane indicated by the line 5--5 ing the cones of the male mould; Fig. 9 is a vertical section illustrating the roller support for the legs of the machine, shown on a smaller scale on Fig. 1, this lview being a vertical section on the line -9-9 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 isa bottom perspective of one of the equalizer bars shown in sectionA in Fig. 3.

XVI will first briefly describe the general characteristics of the machine shown. Reference may vbe madey to myv prior patents mentioned yfor av fuller description. I will A then take upthe features present invention.

,The vframe ofthe machine comprises essentially upright front and rear wallmemlbers 10 and 11 which are suitably cross con- -pnected Between the walls of this frame is carried the endlessr chain of yfemale moulds 20 mounted on suitableV wheels 21 and 22 at opposite ends ofthe frame. The chain com-` constituting the Y prlses a series of mould blocks each hinged to the next block at the pivot points 24, each block having atvits opposite edges semiconical cavities 25, 'the partial cavities of one block coacting `with those of the adjacent block tonform complete conical cavities as shown in Fig. 6.Y The male moulds comprise a series of yconical projections 30, mountedon a bar 31 as by cap screws 32. n pivoted to extensions of the female moulds. I

The male mould bars 31 are provided with rollers 33 and 34 which coact with suitable tracks 40 and 41 tocontrol the presentation of the moulds. That is to say, at the right hand end of the machine as shown in Fig.

1, the tracks 40 tip up into they extended course shown at Y44 which `operates to swing back the male moulds to uncover the yiteon the rollers.

males. Thereafter the track turns down into a horizontal course to hold the male moulds in position in the females. The chain of moulds in the upper reach travels toward the left, and at the left hand end ofthe ma chine the track again operates as shown at 4:5 to open the moulds to discharge vthe cones',` after which the track returnsl the male moulds into closed position and the chain travels in this condition alongits lower reach until itis again opened. y j

The batteris inserted inthe female cones when the males are tipped vback by the track 'fl-4. ln Fig. l. l have indicated at 5l) a suitable'batter receptacle for so loading` the moulds. Between theframe walls are suit-A able burners oiIl other lleat'e illustrated at 53 and 54 which 4heat the moulds, the burner 54 giving preliminary heating` and the burner 53 effecting the baking of the batter in the moulds.'l The whole machine is enclosed in suitable heat retaining walls not shown". i

It will be seen from the above brief descrip? tion that themachine is continuously oper# ated, receiving batter in the open moulds as they pass beneath the discharge spouts of the' batter receptacle, thereafter baking sucli batter to produce cones and finally discharge ing the .esame at the left h'and end of the ma chine. rlhe batter when inserted is comparatively liquid and with a result that the baking action produces considerable steam. One of the features of the invention is to provide an letlective means for caiisi'ng the discharge of steam as 'the moulds pil'o'gress; Mechanism for accomplishing this is best showninlligs. 1,2 and 3, and will now be described. j

Directly over each of the tracks l0 and 4l, on which the rollers 34 and 33 ride, is a row of aligned bars 60 and 67 pressed down The froiit'r'ow 6'() is shown in detail in Fig. 3 and comprises separate aligned bars Gl, 62, 63, 64 and 65;y These barsV are pressed downwardly by springs' as presently described. At suitable intervals.v preferably where adjacent barsv abut,"are recesses 'in the bars directly' over the rollers asindicated at 68. Wherever these recesses occur, the rollers beneath them are free to rise. ln some instances I form on top of the trackways suitable humps. as indicated at69 Fi 3 compelling therollers to rise and thus raise thenale moulds. The result of' this action is a periodic ti'eeing of the-` moulds to allow thest'eam to escape.. l

To allow therows ofaligned bars 60 and 67 toviloat freely on the rollers and be subject tospring pressure upon them, I mount.- over leach of these rows, two other bars 70 and fil, each of which has down-turned lips engaging the opposite sides of thepresser bars. The bar TO shown as having lips 72 in its central region for this purpose,

while the bar. 70 has lips i3 adjacent one end and lips Ul in an int'erniediate location, as shown more particularly in Fig. l0. Rising from each of the bars 70 and 7l, are upright rods y75 guided in frame standards 15 and at their upper ends abutting set screws 76" in arms 77 and 78. The rear end of the arm 77 is shown as extending beneath the forward end of the arm 78 and both arms are pressed downwardly by a helical compression spring 80 which bears at its upper end againsta washer 8l adjustable by nuts 82 on a stationary rod 88. By adjusting the nuts S2 and by adjusting individual Lsetlscrews 7,6, the pressure on the two sets of bars tit) and 67 may beregulated asdesired,

The mechanism .describedV enables the lmoulds to be maintained `closed with any definite steam pressure within them, an e1;- cess of .steam pressure how-ever causes the lifting of the corresponding presser bar over the mould roller, allowing the escape of steam. Experience has demonstrated that it is desirable to'positively open the moulds periodically as they progress, to yinsure es-, cape of steam, and it is for this purpose that the humps G9 are provided. They operate to raise the rollers positively as the moulds travel beyond these humps,` thus. opening the moulds or allowing them Ccto breathe, as I callit. The recess' 68 above the hump 69 allows this rising of the roll and provides .sullicient clearance so that the roll may rise still higher if the steam conditions within the mould requiredit. -Tlie moisture will be largely driven oli' and the batter cooked when a mould reachesl the last recess titl shown in Fig. 8 and accordingly in this stance Ido not providel any hump `beneath the recess to positively open' themen ld, l it simply permit it to open freely should internal steam effect such opening.

It will be seen that the,l ln'eathing system described causes th-e periodic discharge ofthe steam so that the batter maybe quickly baked to a drycondition, while the adj ste ment enables the retention of the desired pressure within the moulds for the most part while the cooking pro 'ressing llinalljif, the device provides a sa'fet,` Lelief, preventing damage to any of the parts from ences-i sivesteam pressure.' .i

rl`he heat in the machine causes inthe ag gregate material expansion to the chain of moulds, which expansion is of c 4rse great-- est when the heat Vis started but va ies from time to time as the heat is adjusted for drl ferent batter conditions. j rllo provide for this situation, and at the saine time mai.. ain the female blocks constituting the chain always clo'se together during the loading` and baking operations, so that batter is not lest and vperfect results are produced, l provide anrexpansion adjustment and take up illustrated kin Figs. l, et, 5 and 9 as follows:

The wheels 21-are mounted on a shaft 90 which is journalledin alpair of blocks 91 and 92 which are slidable in housings 93 carried by the frame walls of the machine. These blocks carry arms 95 which support segmental inwardly projecting flanges 96 which overhang rollers and 101 on the female mould blocks A20, these blocksbeing hinged together at the inner or under edges by means of ears 103 on the blocks and a hinge pin 104. On the straight courses of the chains travel theserolle'rs ride on frame' ledges 17 and 18 (Fig 2) and support the moulds. chine, however, the rollersbear outwardly against the arcuate flanges 96.

The two bearing blocks 91 and 92 are connected by a cross rod against which lbears a set screw 111 mounted in the up-v expansion of the chain which draws these'- sproclet wheels toward the left, raising the Weight 116. f

It will be seen that-the mechanism described, while operating tok maintainl the chain in constantly compacted form allows expansion as necessary. The `expansion of the frame itself is provided for by means of rollers (Figs. '1 and .9) betweenframelegs 121 and suitable base plates 123, the

legs at the right hand end of the 'machine' 125 being ordinarily anchored tightlyv to the floor on which thegmachine rests.

As the batter is discharged onto the chain of moulds while they are moving itr will necessa'rily vbe deposited to some extent on top of the mould members' between the cavities. Such batter when cooked would connect one set of cones with the next; as the sets of cones are separated apart as the chainof moulds travels around the left hand vloop such spreading wouldbe liable to tear the one set of cones from the next in an irregular line which might damagel thel produced cones. To obviate thisfdiliiculty, l provide on one side of each bar 31 which carries the male cones, a knife blade r whichvcoacts with the intermediate top surface vofthe female moulds to cut through the batter, so that each set of cones after cooking, is disconnected from the adjacent set. YVSuch cones arel shown atA in Fig. 7, vthe flange of batter at the top thereof at a. It will .be

seen from this view that the knifer projects through such batter against the topV of the 5" mould block and thus prevents any Yset of At the left hand end of the Vmabaked cones from troublesome adhering to the adjacent set. moulds separate in passing around the loop f at the left handend of the machine, the sets of baked cones are successively discharged freely from the following cones. The knife Accordingly, as Athe i 130is preferablyremovably held by screwsk 132 on the side of the block 31- so that it may be removed andv sharpened whenever desired.

VIt will be seen that my machine, which is a refinement of those shown in my' prior patents referredto, provides for taking care lof the otherwiseA troublesome vheat conditions both within the cavities and within thefmachine generally7 and prpvides for producing disconnected sets of baked cones notwithstanding the continuous feeding of the batter.

Havingfthus described lmy invention, I claim l. The combination with a travelingset of female separable moulds pivoted to each otherto form a chain, a coactigng set of male moulds, said male moulds having rollers,Y

trackways on which the .rollers bear, bars bearing on the rollers,and springs acting on the bars to vhold the rollers'on the trackway yieldingly. y 1 y Y 2. Thecombination with a` traveling set` of female moulds, a coacting set yof male moulds, said male moulds having rollers,

trackways on which the rollers bear, spring` means acting to hold the rollers on the trackway yieldingly, the trackway being provided with a hump to engage the rollers and' separate the moulds.

3. The combination with a traveling` set of female moulds, a coacting set of male moulds,y said male. moulds having rollers, trackways on which the rollers bear, means resiliently bearing. on the rollers to hold them on the trackways, said means being provided with recesses to allow the move ment of the rollers to partially separate the moulds, and .the tra-ckway having humps reg-r istering with such recesses Yto positively cause such separation. v

4.1n amachine of the character described, the combination of an endless chain of female moulds, male moulds coacting therewith, rollers carried by the male moulds, trackways on which said rollers travel, presser bars resiliently forcing the rollers against the ytrackways, said vtrackways having periodically arranged humps to lift the male moulds and the presser bars having periodicallv arranged .recesses to*y allow such movement. f Y y 5.,The combinationof a set ofv femaleA moulds, a set of male moulds, rollers on .the male -moulds, trackways for the rollers, aligned bars beang on the rollers and pressingthem against the trackways, other"V bars vover said alignedjbars having lips.fen

Ace

gaging the sides of the aligned bars, and springs pressing said other -bars toward the trackways. v

6. The combination of a traveling set of female moulds, a traveling sety of male moulds equipped with rollers, trackways for said rollers, presser bars for pressing the rollers against the trackways, positioning` bars overlying` the presser bars and havingk lips engaging their sides, arms adjustably connected with the positioning bars, and a spring acting on said arms.

7. The combination of a set of female moulds, a set of malemoulds, rollers on the opposite ends of the male moulds, trackways for the rollers, aligned bars bearing on the rollers and pressing them against the trackways, other bars over said aligned bars having lips engaging the sides of the aligned bars, suitably guided rods pressing said other bars toward the trackways, pivoted arms adjustably acting on the rods, and spring means acting on said arms.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of an endless chain of moulds, a' wheel about which the same travels, a sliding support for thevrwheel, mechanism tending to move thesupport to compact the chain but allowing its expansion, and means for heating the chain.

9. In a machine of the' character described, the combination of an endless chain @of female moulds, male moulds pivotally carried thereby, a rotatable wheel about which said chain travels, a sliding support forthe wheel axle, and mechanismengag- `ing the chain of moulds aboutthe wheel and tending` to move them and the support to compact the chain.

10. The combination of an endless chain of moulds, sprocket wheels over which the same pass, a shaft for the sprocket wheels slidably mounted, blocks carrying the shaft, a weight tending to shift the blocks in oppo sition to the movement caused by heat expansion of the chain.

11. rllhe combination of an endless chain of mould members hinged together, a pair of sprocket wheels about which such-chain passes in a loop, a shaft on which the sprocket wheels are mounted, a pair of bearing members for the shaft, said bearing members being slidably mounted, means acting on the bearing members and tending to move them in a direction away from the loop of the chain, a pair of members carried by the bearing members and having inwardly extending arcuate `flanges overlying por,- tions carried by the moulds, whereby said means tends to compact the chain.

l2. ln av machine of the character described, the combination of an endlesschain of mould blocks hinged together, said blocks having rollers on their ends, a Wheel about which the same loops, slidable bearings for the wheel, guards carried by the bearings and having arcuate flanges extending onto theouter sides of the rollers on said loop, andmeans for moving the bearings..

1 3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of an endless chain of female mould blocks hingedy together,

male moulds carried by said chain, said blocks having rollers on their ends, a wheel about which the same loops, slidable bearings for the wheel, a weight and levertend-V ing to pull the wheel away from the loop and guards carried by thcbearings and havving arcuate ianges extending onto the outer sides of the rollers on said loop. whereby such movement of the weight compacts the chain. l f

L14. The combination of an endless chain of mould members hinged together, a pair of sprocket wheels about which such chain passes in a loop, a shaft on which the sprocket wheels are mounted, a pair of bearing members for the shaft, said bearing,

15. The combination'with arframe, of an endless chain of moulds carried thereby, a.

wheel about which the moulds pass in a loop, bearings carrying such wheel and slidably mounted on the frame, means for heating the chain and means tending to shift the bearings according to the expansion or contraction of lthe frame, that portion of the frame adjacent the said wheel being ed on rollers. y, y

16. In a machine of the character described, the combination of articulated female moulds equipped with groups of coacting partial cavities adapted to' coact to make complete cavities, male moulds cooperating with the female moulds, means 4for holding the male moulds in position,- and blades carried by the malemoulds and adapted to coact with portions ofthe female, moulds intermediate ofdifferentgroups of cavities to separate the batter in such region.

17. The 'combination of female moulds hinged together and having conical cavities when abutting, a set of coacting malemoulds each havingI a` bar extending over a row of cavities provided by adjacent female moulds and having ,male cones carried by sue-h bar, and a blade secured to the edge of the bar and adapted to coact with the face of the female mould block. v

18. The combination of a set of female mountice Cil

moulds hinged together,'a set of coacting male moulds each having a bar extending over a roW of cavities provided by adjacent female moulds and having male moulding members carried by such bar, a straight blade carried by the bar and adapted to coact with the face of the female mould block, a roller carried by said bar, and a guide for said roller adapted to move the male mould out of coaction with the female mould to enable loading of the latter, and thereafter to return the male moulds to position and the lblade into coaction with the face Aof the female moulds alongside of a group of cavities. .s

19. The combination of a set of Vfemale moulds hinged together to form an endless chain,.said moulds having on opposite sides i bladesecured to the edge of each bar and adapted to coaet With the face of a female mould block, rollers carried by said bar and `guides for said rollers adapted to move the malel mould into eoactio'n With the cavities ofl lfemale moulds and the blade into coaction with the face of thefemale moulds and. hold the parts in this condition during heating,

together with means for heating. such moulds. l

, In testimony'whereof, I hereunto 'aix my signature.

JAMES T. TURNER. 

